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IRGL: Impact of Rheumatic diseases on General Health and Lifestyle/ Invloed van Reuma op Gezondheid en Leefwijze)

The IRGL is a Dutch multidimensional instrument for measuring the health status of patients with rheumatic diseases. The IRGL consists of 68 single items and can be completed without professional assistance. It takes about 15 minutes to complete. Items of the IRGL are scored on a 4-point or 5-point Likert scale.
The physical dimension of the IRGL is partly derived from the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 1 (AIMS-1), which at that time had a number of psychometric problems (see Evers et al., 1998). Physical functioning is measured through the mobility (7 items), self care (8 items) and pain ( 6 items) scales.
The IRGL assesses the psychological dimension as positive and negative affect through three already existing scales, namely anxiety (10 items) , depressed mood (6 items) and cheerful mood (6 items) of which the reliability and validity have been studied in the Dutch population (Van der Ploeg et al., 1980; Zwart et al. 1982). The social dimension of the IRGL consists of a scale of social support/reliance (ISB/ISR) and distinguishes between qualitative and quantitative aspects of social functioning in accordance with the conceptualization of social support of Chen and Wills (1985). The quantitative aspect of social support is measured by the number of friends and the number of neighbors with whom one associates. The qualitative aspect is measured by the following three scales of a Dutch validated social support scale (ISB/ISR: Van Dam Baggen & Kraaimaat, 1992), perceived support (5 items), actual support (3 items) and mutual visits (2 items). An impact scale (10 items) is also included to assess the influence of rheumatic diseases on various domains of daily life.
Reliability and validity of the IRGL scales were shown to be highly satisfactory and the physical functioning scales have been demonstrated to be highly comparable to the corresponding scales of the Dutch version of the AIMS2 (see Evers et al., 1998). Since the end of 2003 the use of the IRGL has been free for health professionals and researchers. The manual is available in an Dutch version [article in .pdf format] and the questionnaire is available in a Dutch [article in .pdf format and English [article in .pdf format] version.

Publications

Huiskes, C.J.A.E., Kraaimaat, F.W. & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (1990). Handleiding bij de zelfbeoordelingslijst Invloed van reuma op gezondheid en leefwijze :de IRGL (Manual of the self-report questionnaire Impact of Rheumatic diseases on General Health and Lifestyle: the IRGL. Lisse : Swets & Zeitlinger BV. [article in .pdf format]

Huiskes, C.J.A.E., Kraaimaat, F.W. & Bijlsma, J.W.J.(1990). De ontwikkeling van de IRGL: een instrument om gezondheid te meten bij patiënten met reuma (The development of the IRGL: an inventory for measuring the health status of patients with rheumatic diseases). Gedrag en gezondheid, 18, 2, 78-89.

Huiskes, C.J.A.E., Kraaimaat, F.W. & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (1990). Development of a self-report questionnaire to assess the impact of rheumatic diseases on health and lifestyle. Journal of rehabilitation sciences, 3, 3, 65-74. [article in .pdf format]

Evers, A.W.M., Taal, B.G., Kraaimaat, F.W., Jacobs, J.W.J., Abel-Nasser, A., Rasker, J.J., & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (1998). A comparison of two recently developed health status instruments for patients with arthritis : DUTCH-AIMS2 and IRGL. British Journal of Rheumatology, 37, 157-164. [article in .pdf format]

Publications with the IRGL as a measurement of health status in patients with rheumatic diseases

Bijlsma, J.W.J., Huiskes, C.J.A.E., Kraaimaat, F. & Vanderveen, M.J. (1991). Relation between patients' own health assessment and clinical and laboratory findings in rheumatoid arthritis. The Journal of Rheumatology, 18, 5, 650-653.

Van der Heide, A., Jacobs, J.W.G., Van Albeda-Kuijpers, G.A., Kraaimaat, F.W., Geenen, R. & Bijlsma, J.W.G. (1993). Self-report functional disability scores and the use of devices: two distinct aspects of physical function in rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Disease, 52, 497-502.

Heide, A. van der, Jacobs, J.W.G., Albada-Kuipers, G.A. van, Kraaimaat, F., Geenen, R. & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (1994). Physical disability and psychological well being in recent onset rheumatoid arthritis. The Journal of Rheumatology, 21, 28-32.

Kraaimaat, F.W., Brons, M.R., Geenen, R. & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (1995). The effects of cognitive behaviour therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 5, 487-495.

Geenen, R., Jacobs, J.W.J., Godaert, G., Kraaimaat, F.W., Brons, R.M., Van der Heide, A. & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (1995). Stability of health status measures in rheumatoid arthritis. British Journal of Rheumatology, 34, 1162-1166.

Kraaimaat, F.W., Van Dam-Baggen, C. & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (1995). Depression, anxiety and social support in rheumatoid arthritic women without and with a spouse. Psychology and Health, 10, 387-396.

Kraaimaat, F.W., Bakker, A.H., Janssen, E. & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (1996). Intrusiveness of rheumatoid arthritis on sexuality in male and female patients living with a spouse. Arthritis Care and Research, 9, 120-125.

Lankveld, W. van, Pad Bosch, P. van ‘t, Bakker, J., Terwindt, S., Franssen, M. & Riel, P. van (1996). Sequentional Occupational Dexterity Assessment (SODA); A new test to measure hand disability. Journal of Hand Therapy, 9, 27-32.

Hopman-Rock, M., Odding, E., Hofman, A., Kraaimaat, F.W. & Bijlsma, J.W. (1997). Differences in health status of older adults with pain in the hip or knee only and with additional mobility restricting conditions. Journal of Rheumatology, 24 (12), 2416-23.

Hopman-Rock, M., Kraaimaat, F.W., Odding, E., & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (1998). Coping with Pain in the Hip or Knee in Relation to Physical Disability in Community-Living Elderly People. Arthritis Care and Research, 11 (4), 243-252.

Evers, A.W.M., Kraaimaat, F.W., Geenen, R. & Bijlsma J.W.J. (1997). Determinants of psychological distress and its course in the first year after diagnosis in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 20 (5), 489-504.

Evers, A.W.M., Kraaimaat, F.W., Geenen, R., & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (1998). Psychosocial predictors of functional change in recently diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis patients. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 179-193.

Jacobs, J.W.G., Geenen, R., Evers, A.W.M., Jaarsveld, C.H.M.van, Kraaimaat, F.W. & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (2001). Short-term effects of corticosteroid pulse treatment on disease activity and the wellbeing of patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the Rheumatic Disease, 60, 61-64.

Dekkers, J.C., Geenen, R., Evers, A.W.M., Kraaimaat, F.W., Bijlsma, J.W.J. & Godaert, G.L.R. (2001). Biopsychosocial mediators and moderators of stress-health relationships in patients with recently diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Care & Research, 45, 307-316.

Jacobs, J.W.G., Kraaimaat, F.W. & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (2001). Why do patients with rheumatoid arthritis use alternative treatments. Clinical Rheumatology, 20, 192-196.

Evers, A.W.M., Kraaimaat, F.W., Riel, P.L.C.M.van & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (2001). Cognitive, behavioral and physiological reactivity to pain as a predictor of long-term pain in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Pain, 93, 139-146.

Evers, A.W.M., Kraaimaat, F.W., Riel , P.L.C.M. van & Jong, A.J.L. de (2002). Tailored cognitive-behavioral therapy in early rheumatoid arthritis for patients at risk: a randomized controlled trial. Pain, 100, 141-153.

Evers, A.W.M., Kraaimaat, F.W., Geenen, R., Jacobs, J.W.G. & Bijlsma, J.W.J. (2002). Long-term Predictors of Anxiety and Depressed Mood in Early Reumatoid Arthritis: A 3 and 5 Year Follow-up. The Journal of Rheumatology 29, 2327-2336.

Evers, A.W.M., Kraaimaat, F.W., Reenen, R., Jacobs, J.W.G., Bijlsma, J.W.J. (2003). Stress-vulnerability factors as long-term predictors of disease activity in early rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 55, 293-302.

Evers, A.W.M., Kraaimaat, F.W., Geenen, R., Jacobs, J.W.G., Bijlsma ,J.W.J. (2003). Pain coping and social support as predictors of long-term functional disability and pain in early rheumatoid arthritis. Behaviour and Research Therapy, 41, 1295-1310.

Koulil, S. van, Lankveld, W. van, Kraaimaat, F.W., Helmond, T. van, Vedder, A., Hoorn, H. van, Donders, R., Jong, A.J.L. de, Haverman, J.F., Korff, K.J., Riel, P.L.C.M. van, Dats, H.A. & Evers, A.W.M. (2010). Tailored cognitive-behavioral therapy and exercise training for high-risk patients with fibromyalgia. Arthritis Care and Research, 62, 1377-1385.

Koulil, S. van, Lankveld, W., Kraaimaat, F.W., Riel, P.L.C.M. van & Evers, A.W.M. (2010). Risk factors for longer-term psychological distress in well-functioning fibromyalgia patients: A prospective study into prognostic factors. Patient Education and Counseling, 80, 126-129.

Koulil, S. van, Kraaimaat, F.W., Lankveld, W. van, Helmond, T. van, Vedder, A. Hoorn, H. van, Donders, A.R.T., Thieme, K. Cats, H., Riel, P.C.L. & Evers, A.W.M. (2011). Cognitive-behavioral mechanisms in a pain-avoidance and a pain-persistance treatment for high-risk fibromyalgia patients. Arthritis Care and Research, 63, 800-807.

Da Mota, L.M.H., Laurindo, L.,M.,M., De Carvalho, J.,F. & Dos Santos Neta, L.,L. (2010). Instruments to assess the quality of life and disability levels of patients with early rheumatoid arthritis. Current Rheumatology Reviews, 6, 228-231.

Koulil, S. van, Lankveld, W., Kraaimaat, F.W van, Helmond, T. van, Vedder, A. Hoorn, H. van, Donders, A.R.T., Wirken, L., Cats, H., Riel, P.C.L. & Evers, A.W.M. (2011). Tailored cognitive-behavioral therapy and exercise training improves the physical fitness of patients with fibromyalgia. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 70, 2131-2133.

Overman, C.L., Bossema, E.R., Middendorp, H. van, Wijngaards-de Meij, L., Verstappen, S.M.M., Bulder, M., Facobs, J.W.G., Bijlsma, J.W.J. & Geenen, R. (2012). The prospective association between psychological distress and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: a multilevel regression analysis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, 71, 192-197.

Overman, C.L., Jurgens, M.S., Bossema, E.R., Jacobs, J.W.G., Bijlsma, J.W.J. & Geenen, R. (2014). Change of psychological distress and physical disability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis over the last two decades. Arthritis Care & Research, 66, 5, 671-678.

Holla, J.F.M>, Van Beers-Tas, M.H., Van de Stadt, L.A. et al. (2018). Depressive mood and low social support are not associated with arthritis development in patients with seropositive arthralgia, although  theu predict increased musculoskeletal symptoms. Rheumatic & Musculoskeletal Diseases. Doi:10.1136/rmdopen-2018-000653.
 
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